{"id":7949,"date":"2025-02-27T17:24:19","date_gmt":"2025-02-27T17:24:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/quechuatinkuy.coerll.utexas.edu\/?p=7949"},"modified":"2025-05-14T18:48:02","modified_gmt":"2025-05-14T18:48:02","slug":"yachana-16","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/quechuatinkuy.coerll.utexas.edu\/en\/yachana-16\/","title":{"rendered":"Yachana 16"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Qallarinapaq | Introduction<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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In this unit we will learn to create basic dialogues. Also, we will learn make basic descriptions of daily situations. For this, we will review the following points: <\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Basic questions in a conversation using interrogative forms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. The use of the accusative case that functions as the direct object of an expression. We will learn to use the suffix \u2013ta<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ready?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a1Qallarisun! \/ Let's get started!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Qillqa | Grammar<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Grammar 1<\/strong>: Interrogative forms in a basic conversation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Let's review how to maintain and continue a basic conversation. To begin a conversation in Quechua we should use greetings in the interrogative.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first interrogative to initiate a conversation is the following:
\u00bfAllillanchu?<\/strong>
\u00bfAre you well?<\/em>?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To which you should respond with:
Allillanmi<\/strong>
I am well<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second interrogative to initiate a conversation is the following:
\u00bfWaliqllachu?<\/strong>
Are you well?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

To which you should respond with:
\u00bfWaliqllan?<\/strong>
I am well<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third interrogative is the following:
\u00bfHawkallachu?<\/strong>
\u00bfAre you well?<\/em>?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To which you should respond with:
Hawkallan<\/strong>
I am well<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example, in a conversation between Eva and Noem\u00ed they ask and respond with the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Noem\u00ed: \u00bfAllillanchu \u00f1a\u00f1\u00e1y?
Eva: Allillanmi \u00f1a\u00f1\u00e1y<\/td>		\u00bfAre you well, sister<\/em>?
I am well, sister<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Noem\u00ed: \u00bfHawkallachu \u00f1a\u00f1\u00e1y?
Eva: Hawkallan \u00f1a\u00f1\u00e1y<\/td>		\u00bfAre you well, sister<\/em>?
I am well, sister<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Noem\u00ed: \u00bfWaliqllachu \u00f1a\u00f1\u00e1y?
Eva: Waliqllan \u00f1a\u00f1\u00e1y<\/td>		\u00bfAre you well, sister<\/em>?
I am well, sister<\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Between two men these questions can be asked in the following way:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pablo: \u00bfAllillanchu wawq\u00edy?
Ra\u00fal: Allillanmi wawq\u00edy<\/td>		\u00bfAre you well brother<\/em>?
I am well, brother<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Pablo: \u00bfHawkallachu wawq\u00edy?
Ra\u00fal: Haywkallam wawq\u00edy<\/td>		\u00bfAre you well brother<\/em>?
I am well, brother<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Pablo: \u00bfWaliqllachu wawq\u00edy?
Ra\u00fal: Waliqllam wawq\u00edy<\/td>		\u00bfAre you well brother<\/em>?
I am well, brother<\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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\u00bfAllillanchu \u00f1a\u00f1\u00e1y?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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\u00bfAllillanchu wawq\u00edy?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

After these questions and their responses, the conversation can continue when either of the interlocutors ask the other person about their name or where they are from. In previous units, we have practiced these questions. Now we will review them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example, to know the name of a person you ask:
\u00bfImam sutiyki?<\/strong>
What is your name?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

To which you can respond in the following way:
Karla sutiy<\/strong>
My name is Karla<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

To know where someone is from you ask:
\u00bfMaymanta kanki?<\/strong>
Where are you from?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

To which you can respond in the following way:
Sicuanimanta kani<\/strong>
I am from Sicuani<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u00bfMaymanta kanki?\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Grammar 2<\/strong>: The direct object in the sentences<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

In this unit we will also learn to use the accusative case \u2013 <\/strong>–ta. <\/em>This is used when a noun in a sentences serves as the direct object (DO). Remember that the direct object receives the action of the verb. Because of this, the word that receives the accusative suffix is always a noun, not a verb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To mark the direct object we should use the nominal suffix \u2013ta<\/em> which is the compliment of a transitive verb \u2013ta<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Let's look at the following examples:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aychata allqu mikushan<\/strong>
The dog is eating meat<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

To identify the direct object we can ask the question \u00bfImata allqu mikushan<\/em>? What is the dog eating? The response is Aychata, <\/em>meat. It is in this word where we use the direct object marker.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Let's look at more examples:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lawata waykushani <\/td>I am cooking soup<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Mayra allqukunata pukllachishan<\/td>Mayra is making the dogs play<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Mamay kisuta mikushan wasipi <\/td>My mom is eating cheese in the house<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Wawqiyta suyashani<\/td>I am waiting on my brother<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Llaqtata rishani<\/td> I am going to the town<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Qam papata allashanki <\/td> You are digging potatoes<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Qhewar runakuna futbolta pukllanku<\/td>The people of Qquehuar play soccer<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Curahuasikuna anista llamkanku<\/td>The Curahuasi people produce anise<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Qhewarpi wakakunata uywanku<\/td>En Qquehuar they raise livestock<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Curahuasi runakuna aqhata aqhanku<\/td> The Curahuasi people make chicha<\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Llaqtata rishani<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Cows
Qhewarpi wakakunata uywanku<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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Rimanakuna | Vocabulary<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\u00d1a\u00f1\u00e1y<\/td>My sister (of a woman)<\/td><\/tr>
Wawq\u00edy<\/td>My brother (of a man)<\/td><\/tr>
Tur\u00e1y<\/td>My brother (of a woman)<\/td><\/tr>
Suti<\/td>Name<\/td><\/tr>
Allqu<\/td>Dog<\/td><\/tr>
Kusa<\/td>Excellent<\/td><\/tr>
Allpa<\/td>Earth, land<\/td><\/tr>
Waka<\/td>Cow<\/td><\/tr>
Hatun Yachaywasi<\/td>University<\/td><\/tr>
Wasi<\/td>House<\/td><\/tr>
Qatiy<\/td>to spur animals<\/td><\/tr>
Apichu<\/td>sweet potato<\/td><\/tr>
Hurquy<\/td>to take out<\/td><\/tr>
Qhatuy<\/td>to sell<\/td><\/tr>
Paltay<\/td>avocado<\/td><\/tr>
Ruway<\/td>to do, to make<\/td><\/tr>
T\u2019anta<\/td>Bread<\/td><\/tr>
Lisas<\/td>an Andean tuber<\/td><\/tr>
Rantiy<\/td>to buy<\/td><\/tr>
Lawa<\/td>Soup<\/td><\/tr>
Allqu<\/td>Dog<\/td><\/tr>
Pukllachiy<\/td>To make play<\/td><\/tr>
Kisu<\/td>Cheese<\/td><\/tr>
Suyay<\/td>To wait<\/td><\/tr>
Aqha<\/td>Corn Chicha<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Ruwapakuy | Exercises<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Basic questions in a conversation.<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Practice responding to each of the following questions by filling in the blanks:

\u00bfAllillanchu?
Answer: ________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00bfWaliqllachu?                   
Answer: ________________________<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00bfHawkallachu?                  
Answer: ________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00bfImam sutiyki?                  
Answer: ________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00bfMaymanta kanki?            
Answer: ________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Use of the direct object.<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Let's practice completing the following incomplete sentences with the direct object. Then to finish translate each sentence to Spanish or English.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Raulcha chakra \u2026.. llank\u2019ashan Curahuasipi
Translation<\/em>: ________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qam waka \u2026.. michishanki
Translation<\/em>: ________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ana lisasta rantishan Abancaypi
Translation<\/em>: ________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nuqanchik t\u2019anta \u2026\u2026 ruwanchik Limapi
Translation<\/em>: ________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chay runakuna apichu \u2026. wayk\u2019ushanku
Translation<\/em>: ________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maria llamakuna \u2026. qatin llaqtanpi
Translation<\/em>: ________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ana wakakuna\u2026\u2026. michin Puca Pucapi
Translation<\/em>: ________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Turay <\/em>wasin\u2026\u2026. ruwashan Maraspi
Translation<\/em>: ________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Paykuna runasimi\u2026\u2026 yachachishanku Hatun yachaywasipi.
Translation<\/em>: ________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wasiypi paltay\u2026. qhatushayku
Translation<\/em>: ________________________<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tiyuy allpa\u2026\u2026. hurqushan
Translation<\/em>: ________________________<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Qawasunchik | Videos<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Now watch these basic conversation videos with the use of the direct object.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Video 1<\/strong>: Basic conversations between Helen and Abel<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Let's watch the following video about the use of interrogatives in a conversation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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