In this unit we will learn to create basic dialogues. Also, we will learn make basic descriptions of daily situations. For this, we will review the following points:

1. Basic questions in a conversation using interrogative forms.

2. The use of the accusative case that functions as the direct object of an expression. We will learn to use the suffix –ta.

Ready?

¡Qallarisun! / Let's get started!

Grammar 1: Interrogative forms in a basic conversation

Let's review how to maintain and continue a basic conversation. To begin a conversation in Quechua we should use greetings in the interrogative.

The first interrogative to initiate a conversation is the following:
¿Allillanchu?
¿Are you well??

To which you should respond with:
Allillanmi
I am well

The second interrogative to initiate a conversation is the following:
¿Waliqllachu?
Are you well?

To which you should respond with:
¿Waliqllan?
I am well

The third interrogative is the following:
¿Hawkallachu?
¿Are you well??

To which you should respond with:
Hawkallan
I am well

For example, in a conversation between Eva and Noemí they ask and respond with the following:

Noemí: ¿Allillanchu ñañáy? Eva: Allillanmi ñañáy	¿Are you well, sister? I am well, sister
Noemí: ¿Hawkallachu ñañáy? Eva: Hawkallan ñañáy	¿Are you well, sister? I am well, sister
Noemí: ¿Waliqllachu ñañáy? Eva: Waliqllan ñañáy	¿Are you well, sister? I am well, sister

Between two men these questions can be asked in the following way:

Pablo: ¿Allillanchu wawqíy? Raúl: Allillanmi wawqíy	¿Are you well brother? I am well, brother
Pablo: ¿Hawkallachu wawqíy? Raúl: Haywkallam wawqíy	¿Are you well brother? I am well, brother
Pablo: ¿Waliqllachu wawqíy? Raúl: Waliqllam wawqíy	¿Are you well brother? I am well, brother

After these questions and their responses, the conversation can continue when either of the interlocutors ask the other person about their name or where they are from. In previous units, we have practiced these questions. Now we will review them.

For example, to know the name of a person you ask:
¿Imam sutiyki?
What is your name?

To which you can respond in the following way:
Karla sutiy
My name is Karla

To know where someone is from you ask:
¿Maymanta kanki?
Where are you from?

To which you can respond in the following way:
Sicuanimanta kani
I am from Sicuani

Grammar 2: The direct object in the sentences

In this unit we will also learn to use the accusative case – –ta. This is used when a noun in a sentences serves as the direct object (DO). Remember that the direct object receives the action of the verb. Because of this, the word that receives the accusative suffix is always a noun, not a verb.

To mark the direct object we should use the nominal suffix –ta which is the compliment of a transitive verb –ta.

Let's look at the following examples:

Aychata allqu mikushan
The dog is eating meat

To identify the direct object we can ask the question ¿Imata allqu mikushan? What is the dog eating? The response is Aychata, meat. It is in this word where we use the direct object marker.

Let's look at more examples:

Lawata waykushani	I am cooking soup
Mayra allqukunata pukllachishan	Mayra is making the dogs play
Mamay kisuta mikushan wasipi	My mom is eating cheese in the house
Wawqiyta suyashani	I am waiting on my brother
Llaqtata rishani	I am going to the town
Qam papata allashanki	You are digging potatoes
Qhewar runakuna futbolta pukllanku	The people of Qquehuar play soccer
Curahuasikuna anista llamkanku	The Curahuasi people produce anise
Qhewarpi wakakunata uywanku	En Qquehuar they raise livestock
Curahuasi runakuna aqhata aqhanku	The Curahuasi people make chicha

 

Ñañáy	My sister (of a woman)
Wawqíy	My brother (of a man)
Turáy	My brother (of a woman)
Suti	Name
Allqu	Dog
Kusa	Excellent
Allpa	Earth, land
Waka	Cow
Hatun Yachaywasi	University
Wasi	House
Qatiy	to spur animals
Apichu	sweet potato
Hurquy	to take out
Qhatuy	to sell
Paltay	avocado
Ruway	to do, to make
T’anta	Bread
Lisas	an Andean tuber
Rantiy	to buy
Lawa	Soup
Allqu	Dog
Pukllachiy	To make play
Kisu	Cheese
Suyay	To wait
Aqha	Corn Chicha

Basic questions in a conversation.

Practice responding to each of the following questions by filling in the blanks:

¿Allillanchu?
Answer: ________________________

¿Waliqllachu?                   
Answer: ________________________

¿Hawkallachu?                  
Answer: ________________________

¿Imam sutiyki?                  
Answer: ________________________

¿Maymanta kanki?            
Answer: ________________________

Use of the direct object.

Let's practice completing the following incomplete sentences with the direct object. Then to finish translate each sentence to Spanish or English.

Raulcha chakra ….. llank’ashan Curahuasipi
Translation: ________________________

Qam waka ….. michishanki
Translation: ________________________

Ana lisasta rantishan Abancaypi
Translation: ________________________

Nuqanchik t’anta …… ruwanchik Limapi
Translation: ________________________

Chay runakuna apichu …. wayk’ushanku
Translation: ________________________

Maria llamakuna …. qatin llaqtanpi
Translation: ________________________

Ana wakakuna……. michin Puca Pucapi
Translation: ________________________

Turay wasin……. ruwashan Maraspi
Translation: ________________________

Paykuna runasimi…… yachachishanku Hatun yachaywasipi.
Translation: ________________________

Wasiypi paltay…. qhatushayku
Translation: ________________________

Tiyuy allpa……. hurqushan
Translation: ________________________