Qallarinapaq | Introduction
I this unit we are going to learn about the kitchen and Quechua foods. The verbs wayk’uy or yanuy hacen referencia al acto de cocinar y el verbo mikhuy al verbo comer. Conoceremos más sobre la cocina en la comida conjugando estos verbos con las diferentes personas.
Ready?
¡Qallarisun! / Let's get started!
Qillqa | Grammar
Wayk’uy / yanuy and mikhuy are Quechua words that are widely used in the art of food preparation and serving food in the Quechua community. These activities are based on the preparation of food based mainly on local products in Quechua territories.
Wayk’uy / yanuy and mikhuy have historically used products such as quwi, lluthu, paqucha, llama, taruka, challwa, among others.
Now we will look at some expressions related to food:
| Ñuqa sara lawachata mikhuchkani Curahuasipi | I am eating corn soup in Curahuasi |
| Juancha achka quwikunata uywachkan fiestanpaq | Juan is raising many guinea pigs for his party |
| Ñuqa quwi k’ankata wayk’uchkani | I am preparing roasted guinea pig |
| Juanacha challwata thiqtiyachichkarqa wasinpi | Juana is frying fish in her house |
| Mamay miks’i ch’uñu lawata yanun | My mom is cooking a delicious dried potato soup |
| Chakra pikantichatam tiyaykuna wayk’uchkanku | My aunts are cooking pepper from the chakra |
| Pampapi llamk’aqkuna mikhuchkanku | The workers are eating in the plains |
| Mariacha yanupakun llaqtapi | Maria helps to cook in the town |
| Llama aychata allpuchkanku llaqtapi | They are distributing the llama meat in the town |
| Wallpa chupita mikhuchichkani wawayman qalillanankama | I am feeding chicken soup to my son/child until he recovers |
Now let's practice reading with some short stories related to food:
- Marcilacha Limamanta kutirqamun hinaspa mamanwan wallpa quwita wayk’uchkanku, añañáw. Sapa kuti kutimuqtinmi misk’illataña wasinpiqa wayk’unku.
Marcela returned from Lima and with her mom she is cooking gin pig and chicken, how delicious. Each time she returns they cook well in their house.. - Tiyaykuna achka mikhunata q’ipimuchkanku fainapi llamkaqkunapaq. Mana mikhunallatachu q’ipimuchkanku, aqhatawanmi apamuchkanku. Kunanpaqtaq chairu supachata ruwarusqaku lisas ch’arkichayuqtawan, añañáw.
My aunts are carrying a lot of food to the workers on the task. They are not only carrying food, but also chicha. For this time they have made chairo soup with olluquito with ch'arki. - Ña triguta taytamamay irachkankuña, kinuwatapas irachkankuña. Kananqa trigu phatatachá, kinuwa lawatachá mikhusaqku. My parents are already sowing wheat, they are also sowing quinoa. Now we will eat puffed wheat and quinoa soup.
- Mamá Santusaqa challwata thiqtiyachichkarqa. Payqa misk’illatañam wayk’un challwataqa. Challwatam wayk’un arrusniyuqta, papachayuqta ima.
Mother Santa was frying fish. She cooks fish very well. She prepares the fish with rice and potatoes. - Luischa llamk’apakun Limapi hatun fiestakunapi. Achka runakunapaqmi wayk’un Luischaqa. Tukuy imata wayk’un, khuchita, wallpata, challwata ima.
Luis works in big parties in Lima. Luis cooks for many people. He cooks everything like meals based on pork, chicken, and fish. - Ña carnaval killa chayarqamunña, hinaspa tiyay Justina sapa wata hina t’imputa wayk’unqa. Payqa achkatan wayk’un hinaspa lliwllaman mayichin t’imputaqa.
The month of Carnival has already arrived, my aunt Justina is going to cook t'impu or puchero like she does every year. She cooks a lot and invites everyone.
Now let's learn about some typical Quechua meals:
- Chiri Uchu. This is the most well known dish in Cusco. This dish is prepared especially in the celebration of Corpus Christi. It is a cold food and its preparation uses different ingredients such as guinea pig, chicken, toasted corn, cheese, jerky, cured meats, a type of seaweed called quchayuyu, fish eggs, and pepper.
- Chairo. This is a soup that helps people warm up in the cold. This soup is very consistent and helps people do labor that demands physical labor, especially those who work in agriculture. To prepare the Chairo, diverse ingredients are used such as dried potato (chuño), lamb, jerky, potatoes, peas, carrots, fava beans, mint, oregano, parsley, cumin, and salt.
- Sopa de Quinua. Similarly to the Chairo soup, quinoa soup is eaten frequently, especially in families that work in agriculture. This soup is characterized for being light and recommended for people who need to consume iron. The ingredients used to prepare this soup are quinoa, garlic, onion, carrot, fava beans, potatoes, oregano, and cilantro.
- Lawa de chuñu. This is a dish that is eaten at any time of year in rural communities. Among the ingredients of this lawa are dried potatoes, chickpeas, rice, and beef. For its preparation the ch'uñu (dried potato) should be ground and then disolved in cold water before boiling.
- Olluquito con ch’arki. This dish is eaten frequently in the Andes. Among the ingredients you will find olluco, which is a tuber that grows in the Andean highlands, and beef jerky, llama or alpaca. In addition to these ingredients, rice, garlic, ají panca (a Peruvian red pepper), pepper, salt, cumin, and parsley.
- T’impu or puchero. Each year when Carnival arrives, t'impu or puchero is prepared. It is a thick soup that uses meat, potato, cassava, peach, pear, sweet potato, moraya (white ch'uñu), chickpeas, rice, vegetables, legumes, and more.
Rimanakuna | Vocabulary
| Lawa | heavy soup |
| Kanka | grilled |
| Challwa | Fish |
| Thiqtichiy | to fry |
| Ch’uñu | dehydrated potato |
| Tiya | Aunt |
| Pampa | plain |
| Allpuy | divide up, distribute |
| Kutiy | to return |
| Añañáw | How delicious! |
| Misk’i | delicious |
| Q’ipi | load |
| Faina | communal work |
| Aqha | chicha (fermented corn drink) |
| Iray | to harvest |
| Kinuwa | Quinoa |
| Trigu phata | puffed wheat |
| Arrus | rice |
| T’impu | Meat soup |
| Mayichiy | to invite |
Ruwapakuy | Exercises
Now we will practice creating sentences related to the kitchen and cooking.
Write 5 sentences about your experience with the kitchen and food. Use the vocabulary from this unit and reference Quechua foods.
You can create examples such as:
Mamáy sara lawata mikhuchkan wasiypi
Ñuqayku wasiykupi mikhuchkayku quwi k’ankata
Yachay wasipi achka mikhunata rantichkayku
Now write a recipe of a dish that you know how to cook and you would like to share with the class. You can base it on the recipes shared in the videos.
Qawasunchik | Videos
Show Video Transcript: Golondrina describes how to make Chakra Pikanti.
Chakra pikantita ruwayku a ver imakunatataq. Chakrapi sara hallmaykunapi, sara kutipakunapi ruwanayku chaypiqa sara kutipapipas. Llulluta hawch’anayki, porque chay sara timpupiqa bastante riki llullu, hat’aqu, turillu, chayqa maynintapas hawch’anayki. Mayqintapas warmi masiykikunata mink’arikuspa achka makitayá necesitan. Chayqa llulluta wayk’uyku, tarwita wayk’unayku, trigu phatata wayk’uyku, runtuwata wayk’unayku, mana arruspa rantinta runtuwata wayk’unayku o sino kinuwatapas wayk’unayku. Chaymantaqa tortillata ruwanayku, ¿imaynatataq chay chakra torillata ruwanayku? Kutanayku papata bondaruspa, ch’aki habasta t’iqwaspa, kinuwata, sarata, triguta. Chaymanta wallpa runtuwan. Chay wallpa runtuwan riki tupachinayki hatun batiakunapipas masque tuparachinki chayta hich’ayunayki k’achun cebollata. Chaytaqa chay runtusapata sumaqta haywirpanki hinaspaqa q’uñichimunki riki perulchapiqa yastá q’uñimuchkanña aceiteqa. Chay mankaman churanki. Chay platupi sirvisqaykimanmi hawachanman churanayki chay tortillata, hina hawachanman tajada kisuchata churanayki. Chaymantaqmi yuqsimun riki bandera. ¿Imataq bandera? Chaymanqa chay hatun q’ullu batansakunapi chay vasukunapi apamunayki nata, aqhata hich’ayunki, chaymanta churayunayki ayranputa. Hinaspa tragupaq chay q’ullu p’ukukunapi sumaq chay nakunapi kanan, tragutapas hich’ayunki chayman, ayranputa churayunki. Chaymi chay peruano. Chaymantaqa khuyaqkunata tiyarachinki llamk’asqankumanta, chay sara hallmaymanta hamuqta filanpi turay churarunku nankutapas, lampankuta. Chaymantataq riki mut’itapas riki sumaqta mast’anayki llikllapi suysunaq hawachanpi. Chaymantan paykunaqa sumaqta mikhuruspanku t’inkananku lapallan, sapankanku. Mana allinta t’inkaqtinkuqa, multata pagananku, sancionanaykiyá. Chaymi chay sara hallmaypi chay mikhunakuna ruwakun, ruway mikhunakuna, chakra pikanti.
Show Video Transcript: Golondrina describes the food in Curahuasi.
Ayyy, ñuqayku kay Curahuasi llaqtaykupi nata rurayku, qulla alferga pikanti, tarwi, wayk’uyku ruray tallarinta, estufaduta, hina hawanman quwi kankata. Chay quwi kankapas allintayá quwitaqa sipirunki, sumaqta pilarpanki, maqllirunki hinaspa chay ch’unchulchankunatapas kachiwan allinta maqllinayki, munay yuaraqcha kanankama. Yuraqcha karamuqtinqa wayk’urunki mankachapi riki. Hurqurunki hinaspa picarpanayki ñut’uchata. Chaymanqa achkata wakatayta pikarunki, perejilchata, k’achun siwullachata. Chaymantaqa imata ruwanayki, pikarunayki sewullata munaychata ñut’uchallata pikarunki sewullachata hinaspa sartinta churkuruspa, aciytita hich’aykunki. Allinta wayk’ukamuchkaqtin ajuschata hich’ayunki, siwullata. Chaymanta pimientachata churayunayki, chaymanta kaq tiñinata churanayki, achiutichata riki. Pukacha tiñirukunanpaq hinaspaqa chaychata hich’ayunki asnapakuna pikasqaykita. Chayman ch’unchul pikasqaykita hich’ayunki hinallataq maniychata churayunki. Listo, kachichayuqta sumaqchata tuparachinki hinaspa wiksachanman hunt’arapunayki lliwta wiksachanman hunt’aruspaqa sirarapunki. Munaspaykiqa sartinpi ruwanki, munaspaykiqa k’aspichapi riki kankanayki ninachapi. Sumaqchata aciytichawan mantikachawanpas pasa pasarispa. Pasa pasarispa kankakun ninapiqa. Mana chayqa sartinpipas churaruy. Pero mas miski mikhuyqa chay ninapi kankasqa, k’aspichapi riki sumaqchata.
Show Video Transcript: Chabela describes the preparation of Api.
Apitaqa rantinin namantan, Juliacamantan apachikamuni namanta, maiz morado Bolviamanta. An chaymanta apamunku, Juliacakama. Juliacamanta an chaymanta rantini, apachikamuni. Chayta t’impuchini canelachayuqta hina rurachini. Chaytaqa t’impuchini chayqa asucarta yuraq asucarta hich’ayuni. Chaymantaqa yast’a t’impuq hinaña limunta hich’ayuni, puro limunta hich’ayuni. Chayqa masantaqa rurani namanta, hak’uwan. Hak’uchawan rurani chaychata hinaspa pisichallata hich’ayuni mantequillata. Mantequillaqa an chaywan mas allin, unuchatawan hich’ayuni. An chaypi rurani masataqa. An chaywan rurachini, an chaywan punkichini. Kisuchatataq nanman nanman, wiksachaman churayuni chaychata. Chaypas aciytipi chaywan rurani. An chaymi api con empanada.
Pregunta: ¿Ima killapin apita kay Sicuanipi ruranki?
Agustu killallapin rurayki riki. Agustu killapiqa na Señor de Pampachucho kan, an chaypi. Feriapi p’unchawninpi, an chaypiyá vindiyku chay lechuntapas, quwitapas, imaymanata, chichata chaykunata. Chay p’unchawllan vindiyku. Huk p’unchawkunaqa manan. Chay killalla vindiyki, agustu killalla vindiyku.
Pregunta: ¿Hayk’apitaq apitari vindinki?
Empanadantintawan vasuntintawan cinkupi vindiyku.
Pregunta: ¿Rantinkuchu?
Rantinkun, novedad vindinmi watallapiyá ñuqaqa lluqsini. Chaytaq ponchetapas rurayku, watallapi imayna semana santa hamun huk kutilla watapi mikhuyku imayna lisas, p’isqi, pescado imaymana mariscokuna hamun, aq hinallataq rurayku.